Cryptocurrency history
From CryptoCurrency Wiki
After the creation of bitcoin, many altcoins have been created. After altcoins came specialized cryptocurrencies. This is a list of notable cryptocurrencies.
Active currencies
Release | Currency | Symbol | Founder(s) | Hash algorithm | Programming language of implementation | Cryptocurrency blockchain (PoS, PoW, or other) |
Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2009 | Bitcoin | BTC, XBT, ₿ | Satoshi Nakamoto[nt 1] | SHA-256d[1][2] | C++[3] | PoW[2][4] | The first and most widely used decentralized ledger currency,[5] with the highest market capitalization.[6] | |
2011 | Litecoin | LTC, Ł | Charlie Lee | Scrypt | C++[7] | PoW | One of the first cryptocurrencies to use scrypt as a hashing algorithm. | |
2011 | Namecoin | NMC | Vincent Durham[8][9] | SHA-256d | C++[10] | PoW | Also acts as an alternative, decentralized DNS. | |
2012 | Peercoin | PPC | Sunny King (pseudonym)Template:Citation needed |
SHA-256dTemplate:Citation needed | C++[11] | PoW & PoS | The first cryptocurrency to use POW and POS functions. | |
2013 | Dogecoin | DOGE, XDG, Ð | Jackson Palmer & Billy Markus[12] |
Scrypt[13] | C++[14] | PoW | Based on the Doge internet meme. | |
2013[15] | Gridcoin | GRC | Rob Hälford[16] | Scrypt | C++[17] | Decentralized PoS | Linked to citizen science through the Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing[18] | |
2013 | Primecoin | XPM | Sunny King (pseudonym)Template:Citation needed |
1CC/2CC/TWN[19] | TypeScript, C++[20] | PoW[19] | Uses the finding of prime chains composed of Cunningham chains and bi-twin chains for proof-of-work. | |
2013 | Ripple[21][22] | XRP | Chris Larsen & Jed McCaleb[23] |
ECDSA[24] | C++[25] | "Consensus" | Designed for peer to peer debt transfer. Not based on bitcoin. | |
2013 | Nxt | NXT | BCNext (pseudonym) |
SHA-256d[26] | Java[27] | PoS | Specifically designed as a flexible platform to build applications and financial services around its protocol. | |
2014 | Auroracoin | AUR | Baldur Odinsson (pseudonym)[28] |
Scrypt | C++[29] | PoW | Created as an alternative currency for Iceland, intended to replace the Icelandic króna. | |
2014 | Dash | DASH | Evan Duffield & Kyle HaganTemplate:Citation needed |
X11 | C++[30] | PoW & Proof of Service[nt 2] | A bitcoin-based currency featuring instant transactions, decentralized governance and budgeting, and private transactions. | |
2014 | NEO | NEO | Da Hongfei & Erik Zhang | SHA-256 & RIPEMD160 | C#[31] | dBFT | China based cryptocurrency, formerly ANT Shares and ANT Coins. The names were changed in 2017 to NEO and GAS. | |
2014 | MazaCoin | MZC | BTC Oyate Initiative | SHA-256d | C++[32] | PoW | The underlying software is derived from that of another cryptocurrency, ZetaCoin. | |
2014 | Monero | XMR | Monero Core Team | CryptoNight[33] | C++[34] | PoW | Privacy-centric coin using the CryptoNote protocol with improvements for scalability and decentralization. | |
2014 | Titcoin | TIT | Edward Mansfield & Richard Allen[35] | SHA-256d | TypeScript, C++[36] | PoW | The first cryptocurrency to be nominated for a major adult industry award.[37] | |
2014 | Verge | XVG | Sunerok | Scrypt, x17, groestl, blake2s, and lyra2rev2 | C, C++[38] | PoW | Features anonymous transactions using Tor. | |
2014 | Stellar | XLM | Jed McCaleb | Stellar Consensus Protocol (SCP) [39] | C, C++[40] | Stellar Consensus Protocol (SCP) [39] | Open-source, decentralized global financial network. | |
2014 | Vertcoin | VTC | David Muller[41] | Lyra2RE[42] | C++[43] | PoW | Aims to be ASIC resistant. | |
2015 | Ethereum | ETH, Ξ | Vitalik Buterin[44] | Ethash[45] | C++, Go[46] | PoW | Supports Turing-complete smart contracts. | |
2015 | Ethereum Classic | ETC | EtcHash/Thanos[47] | PoW | An alternative version of Ethereum[48] whose blockchain does not include the DAO hard fork.[49] Supports Turing-complete smart contracts. | |||
2015 | Nano | Nano | Colin LeMahieu | Blake2 | C++Template:Citation needed | Open Representative Voting[50] | Decentralized, feeless, open-source, peer-to-peer cryptocurrency. First to use a Block Lattice structure. | |
2015 | Tether | USDT | Jan Ludovicus van der Velde[51] | Omnicore[52] | PoW | Tether claims to be backed by USD at a 1 to 1 ratio. The company has been unable to produce promised audits.[53] | ||
2016 | Firo | FIRO | Poramin Insom[54] | Merkle tree Proof[55] | C++[56] | PoW | The first financial system employing Zero-knowledge proof to protect users' privacy.[54] It conducted the world's first large-scale blockchain election for Thailand Democrat Party in 2018.[57] | |
2016 | Zcash | ZEC | Zooko Wilcox | Equihash | C++[58] | PoW | The first open, permissionless financial system employing zero-knowledge security. | |
2017 | Bitcoin Cash | BCH[59] | SHA-256d | PoW | Hard fork from bitcoin, increased maximum block size from 1MB to 8MB (Template:As of, 32MB) | |||
2017 | EOS.IO | EOS | Dan Larimer | WebAssembly, Rust, C, C++[60] | delegated PoS | Feeless Smart contract platform for decentralized applications and decentralized autonomous corporations with a block time of 500 ms.[60] | ||
2017 | Cardano | ADA, ₳ | Charles Hoskinson | Ouroboros, PoS Algorithm[61] | Haskell[62] | PoS | A proof-of-stake blockchain platform: developed through evidence-based methods and peer-reviewed research.[63][64][65] | |
2021 | BitClout | CLOUT[66]Template:Better source needed | Go[67] | PoW[66][68]Template:Better source neededTemplate:Update after | Also a social media platform, resembling Twitter.[69][70] |
Inactive currencies
Release | Currency | Symbol | Founder(s) | Hash algorithm | Programming language of implementation | Cryptocurrency blockchain (PoS, PoW, or other) |
Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2014 | Coinye | KOI, COYE | Scrypt | PoW | Used American hip hop artist Kanye West as its mascot, abandoned after he filed a trademark lawsuit. | ||
2017 | BitConnect | BCC | BitConnect was described as an open source, all-in-one bitcoin and crypto community platform but was later discovered to be a Ponzi scheme. | ||||
2018 | KodakCoin | Kodak and WENN Digital | Ethash[71] | KodakCoin is a "photographer-centric" blockchain cryptocurrency used for payments for licensing photographs. | |||
2018 | Petro | Venezuelan Government | onixCoin[72] | C++[73] | Stated by Nicolás Maduro to be backed by Venezuela's reserves of oil. Template:Asof it does not appear to function as a currency.[74] | ||
2015 or before | OneCoin | Ruja Ignatova and Stephen Greenwood | A Ponzi scheme promoted as a cryptocurrency. |
Notes
- ↑ It is not known whether the name "Satoshi Nakamoto" is real or a pseudonym, nor whether it represents one person or a group.
- ↑ Via Masternodes containing 1000 DASH held as collateral for "Proof of Service". Through an automated voting mechanism, one Masternode is selected per block and receives 45% of mining rewards.
See also
- Digital currencies
References
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- ↑ A History of Dogecoin. Dogecoin Analysis Report. Social Science Research Network (SSRN). Accessed December 28, 2017.
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- ↑ https://github.com/gridcoin/Gridcoin-master/commit/5bd17c56538305dd774187f4fb42ffbe12fc1980
- ↑ S. S. Tyagi, Shaveta Bhatia (2021) Blockchain for Business, John Wiley, p352.
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- ↑ Mercier Voyer, Stephanie. "Titcoin Is a Brand New Cryptocurrency for Porn Purchases". Vice Magazine. Retrieved June 18, 2014.
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